View Helper - HeadStyle¶
Introduction¶
The HTML <style> element is used to include CSS stylesheets inline in the HTML <head> element.
Note
Use HeadLink to link CSS files
HeadLink should be used to create <link> elements for including external stylesheets. HeadStyle is used when you wish to define your stylesheets inline.
The HeadStyle helper supports the following methods for setting and adding stylesheet declarations:
- appendStyle($content, $attributes = array())
- offsetSetStyle($index, $content, $attributes = array())
- prependStyle($content, $attributes = array())
- setStyle($content, $attributes = array())
In all cases, $content is the actual CSS declarations. $attributes are any additional attributes you wish to provide to the style tag: lang, title, media, or dir are all permissible.
Note
Setting Conditional Comments
HeadStyle allows you to wrap the style tag in conditional comments, which allows you to hide it from specific browsers. To add the conditional tags, pass the conditional value as part of the $attributes parameter in the method calls.
Headstyle With Conditional Comments
HeadStyle also allows capturing style declarations; this can be useful if you want to create the declarations programmatically, and then place them elsewhere. The usage for this will be showed in an example below.
Finally, you can also use the headStyle() method to quickly add declarations elements; the signature for this is headStyle($content = null, $placement = 'APPEND', $attributes = array()). $placement should be either ‘APPEND’, ‘PREPEND’, or ‘SET’.
HeadStyle overrides each of append(), offsetSet(), prepend(), and set() to enforce usage of the special methods as listed above. Internally, it stores each item as a stdClass token, which it later serializes using the itemToString() method. This allows you to perform checks on the items in the stack, and optionally modify these items by simply modifying the object returned.
The HeadStyle helper is a concrete implementation of the Placeholder helper.
Note
UTF-8 encoding used by default
By default, Zend Framework uses UTF-8 as its default encoding, and, specific to this case, Zend\View does as well. So if you want to use another encoding with headStyle, you will have do three things:
- Create a custom renderer and implement a getEncoding() method;
- Create a custom rendering strategy that will return an instance of your custom renderer;
- Attach the custom strategy in the ViewEvent;
See the example below.
First we have to write the custom renderer:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 | // module/MyModule/View/Renderer/MyRenderer.php
<?php
namespace MyModule\View\Renderer;
// Since we just want to implement the getEncoding() method, we can extend the Zend native renderer
use Zend\View\Renderer\PhpRenderer;
class MyRenderer extends PhpRenderer
{
/**
* @var string
*/
protected $encoding;
/**
* Constructor
*
* @param string $encoding The encoding to be used
*/
public function __construct($encoding)
{
parent::__construct();
$this->encoding = $encoding;
}
/**
* Sets the encoding
*
* @param string $encoding The encoding to be used
*/
public function setEncoding($encoding)
{
$this->encoding = $encoding;
}
/**
* Gets the encoding
*
* @return string The encoding being used
*/
public function getEncoding()
{
return $this->encoding;
}
}
|
Now we make some configuration in the module class:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 | // module/MyModule.php
<?php
namespace MyModule;
use MyModule\View\Renderer\MyRenderer;
use Zend\Mvc\MvcEvent;
use Zend\View\Strategy\PhpRendererStrategy;
class Module
{
public function getConfig(){/* ... */}
public function getAutoloaderConfig(){/* ... */}
public function getServiceConfig()
{
return array(
'factories' => array(
// Register our custom renderer in the service manager
'MyCustomRenderer' => function ($serviceManager) {
$myRenderer = new MyRenderer('ISO-8859-1');
return $myRenderer;
},
'MyCustomStrategy' => function ($serviceManager) {
// As stated before, we just want to implement the getEncoding() method, so we can use
// Zend\View\Strategy\PhpRendererStrategy and just provide our custom renderer to it.
$myRenderer = $serviceManager->get('MyCustomRenderer');
$strategy = new PhpRendererStrategy($myRenderer);
return $strategy;
}
),
);
}
public function onBootstrap(MvcEvent $e)
{
// Register a render event
$app = $e->getParam('application');
$app->getEventManager()->attach('render', array($this, 'registerMyStrategy'), 100);
}
public function registerMyStrategy(MvcEvent $e)
{
$app = $e->getTarget();
$locator = $app->getServiceManager();
$view = $locator->get('Zend\View\View');
$myStrategy = $locator->get('MyCustomStrategy');
// Attach strategy, which is a listener aggregate, at high priority
$view->getEventManager()->attach($myStrategy, 100);
}
}
|
See the quick start Creating and Registering Alternate Rendering and Response Strategies chapter for more information on how to create and register custom strategies to your view.
Basic Usage¶
You may specify a new style tag at any time:
1 2 | // adding styles
$this->headStyle()->appendStyle($styles);
|
Order is very important with CSS; you may need to ensure that declarations are loaded in a specific order due to the order of the cascade; use the various append, prepend, and offsetSet directives to aid in this task:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | // Putting styles in order
// place at a particular offset:
$this->headStyle()->offsetSetStyle(100, $customStyles);
// place at end:
$this->headStyle()->appendStyle($finalStyles);
// place at beginning
$this->headStyle()->prependStyle($firstStyles);
|
When you’re finally ready to output all style declarations in your layout script, simply echo the helper:
1 | <?php echo $this->headStyle() ?>
|
Capturing Style Declarations¶
Sometimes you need to generate CSS style declarations programmatically. While you could use string concatenation, heredocs, and the like, often it’s easier just to do so by creating the styles and sprinkling in PHP tags. HeadStyle lets you do just that, capturing it to the stack:
1 2 3 4 5 | <?php $this->headStyle()->captureStart() ?>
body {
background-color: <?php echo $this->bgColor ?>;
}
<?php $this->headStyle()->captureEnd() ?>
|
The following assumptions are made:
- The style declarations will be appended to the stack. If you wish for them to replace the stack or be added to the top, you will need to pass ‘SET’ or ‘PREPEND’, respectively, as the first argument to captureStart().
- If you wish to specify any additional attributes for the <style> tag, pass them in an array as the second argument to captureStart().
Table Of Contents
Previous topic
Next topic
This Page
Note: You need to stay logged into your GitHub account to contribute to the documentation.
