Advanced

Starting from 1.6, handling index format transformations

Zend_Search_Lucene component works with Java Lucene 1.4-1.9, 2.1 and 2.3 index formats.

Current index format may be requested using $index->getFormatVersion() call. It returns one of the following values:

Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_PRE_2_1 for Java Lucene 1.4-1.9 index format.
Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_1 for Java Lucene 2.1 index format (also used for Lucene 2.2).
Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_3 for Java Lucene 2.3 index format.

Index modifications are performed only if any index update is done. That happens if a new document is added to an index or index optimization is started manually by $index->optimize() call.

In a such case Zend_Search_Lucene may convert index to the higher format version. That always happens for the indices in Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_PRE_2_1 format, which are automatically converted to 2.1 format.

You may manage conversion process and assign target index format by $index->setFormatVersion() which takes Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_1 or Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_3 constant as a parameter:

Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_1 actually does nothing since pre-2.1 indices are automatically converted to 2.1 format.
Zend_Search_Lucene::FORMAT_2_3 forces conversion to the 2.3 format.

Backward conversions are not supported.

Note: Important!
Once index is converted to upper version it can't be converted back. So make a backup of your index when you plan migration to upper version, but want to have possibility to go back.

Using the index as static property

The Zend_Search_Lucene object uses the destructor method to commit changes and clean up resources.

It stores added documents in memory and dumps new index segment to disk depending on MaxBufferedDocs parameter.

If MaxBufferedDocs limit is not reached then there are some "unsaved" documents which are saved as a new segment in the object's destructor method. The index auto-optimization procedure is invoked if necessary depending on the values of the MaxBufferedDocs, MaxMergeDocs and MergeFactor parameters.

Static object properties (see below) are destroyed after the last line of the executed script.

class Searcher {
    private static $_index;
 
    public static function initIndex() {
        self::$_index = Zend_Search_Lucene::open('path/to/index');
    }
}
 
Searcher::initIndex();

All the same, the destructor for static properties is correctly invoked at this point in the program's execution.

One potential problem is exception handling. Exceptions thrown by destructors of static objects don't have context, because the destructor is executed after the script has already completed.

You might see a "Fatal error: Exception thrown without a stack frame in Unknown on line 0" error message instead of exception description in such cases.

Zend_Search_Lucene provides a workaround to this problem with the commit() method. It saves all unsaved changes and frees memory used for storing new segments. You are free to use the commit operation any time- or even several times- during script execution. You can still use the Zend_Search_Lucene object for searching, adding or deleting document after the commit operation. But the commit() call guarantees that if there are no document added or deleted after the call to commit(), then the Zend_Search_Lucene destructor has nothing to do and will not throw exception:

class Searcher {
    private static $_index;
 
    public static function initIndex() {
        self::$_index = Zend_Search_Lucene::open('path/to/index');
    }
 
    ...
 
    public static function commit() {
        self::$_index->commit();
    }
}
 
Searcher::initIndex();
 
...
 
// Script shutdown routine
...
Searcher::commit();
...